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Table 2 Integrin inhibitors and their effect on metastatic melanoma in preclinical studies and clinical trials

From: Integrins as therapeutic targets in the organ-specific metastasis of human malignant melanoma

Integrin Inhibitor

Targeted integrin

Effect on metastatic melanoma

Clinical trial

Phase of the clinical trial

MK-0429

αvβ3

Reduce lung metastasis of melanoma in mouse models [76]

–

–

Intetumumab (CNTO 95)

αv

Inhibits melanoma cell adhesion, migration and invasion in vitro.

Inhibit tumor growth in mouse xenografts of melanoma.

NCT00246012

Phase I/II [116]

Abergrin (eteracizumab, MEDI-522)

αvβ3

Patients treated with Abergrin + decarbacine did not show survival benefit compared to decarbacine alone.

NCT00111696

NCT00066196

Phase I [147], Phase II [122]

Cilengitide (EMD 121974)

αvβ3 and αvβ5

It was well tolerated but achieved minimal efficacy when used as a single-agent treatment.

NCT00082875

Phase II [120]

Volociximab (M200)

α5β1

It was well tolerated at 10 mg/kg Q2W, and achieved preliminary clinical effect: SD was observed in 32/37 (87%) of patients.

NCT00099970

Phase II [130]

  1. Note: Q2W every 2 weeks, SD stable disease